Brain–computer interface – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a mind-machine interface (MMI), direct neural interface (DNI), orbrain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device. BCIs are often directed at assisting, augmenting, or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions.
Research on BCIs began in the 1970s at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) under a grant from the National Science Foundation, followed by a contract from DARPA.[1][2] The papers published after this research also mark the first appearance of the expression brain–computer interface in scientific literature.